ED1 Excel Table
ED1 Standard Error Excel Table
| Characteristic | 1993 | 1995 | 1996 | 1999 | 2001 | 2005 | 2007 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 78.3 | 83.7 | 82.5 | 81.7 | 84.1 | 85.7 | 83.3 | 82.8 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 77.4 | 83.3 | 81.5 | 81.0 | 82.1 | 84.7 | 80.9 | 81.5 |
| Female | 79.2 | 84.1 | 83.6 | 82.4 | 86.1 | 86.8 | 85.7 | 84.1 |
| Race and Hispanic originb | ||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 84.8 | 89.6 | 88.9 | 88.9 | 89.4 | 91.9 | 90.6 | 90.5 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 65.9 | 74.2 | 74.7 | 72.3 | 76.7 | 78.5 | 78.0 | 77.0 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic | 68.8 | 78.9 | 81.0 | 81.1 | 87.4 | 84.4 | 87.5 | 77.5 |
| Hispanic | 58.2 | 60.2 | 64.9 | 61.8 | 70.7 | 71.8 | 67.6 | 70.9 |
| Poverty status | ||||||||
| Below 100% poverty | 67.5 | 74.8 | 72.2 | 69.1 | 73.7 | 77.8 | 70.5 | 73.7 |
| 100%–199% poverty | 75.5 | 82.3 | 79.0 | 79.5 | 80.6 | 82.7 | 81.0 | 80.6 |
| 200% poverty and above | 86.4 | 89.1 | 90.7 | 88.7 | 89.8 | 90.2 | 89.4 | 87.9 |
| Family type | ||||||||
| Two parentsc | 81.1 | 85.2 | 86.4 | 84.9 | 86.7 | 86.5 | 84.8 | 85.1 |
| Two parents, married | — | — | — | — | 87.2 | 87.2 | 87.5 | 86.3 |
| Two parents, unmarried | — | — | — | — | 81.4 | 79.1 | 54.1 | 76.7 |
| One parent | 70.8 | 79.0 | 73.6 | 74.2 | 75.7 | 82.8 | 76.9 | 77.1 |
| No parents | 70.3 | 86.0 | 64.9 | 72.0 | 83.9 | 83.1 | 83.8 | 74.1 |
| Mother's highest level of educationd | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 59.7 | 64.6 | 60.9 | 62.6 | 69.0 | 64.2 | 55.7 | 72.1 |
| High school diploma or equivalent | 75.5 | 79.1 | 79.0 | 77.0 | 80.8 | 82.4 | 73.7 | 75.8 |
| Some college, including vocational/technical/associate's degree | 83.3 | 88.3 | 88.1 | 84.9 | 85.6 | 88.3 | 85.8 | 85.1 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 90.0 | 93.9 | 94.6 | 92.1 | 93.9 | 93.1 | 94.9 | 92.9 |
| Mother's employment statusd | ||||||||
| Worked 35 hours or more per week | 77.9 | 81.2 | 82.0 | 80.7 | 83.5 | 83.2 | 81.4 | 82.9 |
| Worked less than 35 hours per week | 81.5 | 89.9 | 86.6 | 83.5 | 89.4 | 89.3 | 90.1 | 87.2 |
| Looking for work | 70.9 | 77.5 | 77.3 | 73.3 | 76.5 | 89.4 | 68.7 | 81.3 |
| Not in labor force | 78.9 | 83.4 | 82.0 | 83.9 | 83.1 | 85.1 | 83.4 | 83.3 |
| Regione | ||||||||
| Northeast | 82.4 | 85.7 | 85.4 | 85.5 | 85.1 | 89.1 | 85.8 | 87.8 |
| South | 75.0 | 82.0 | 80.5 | 79.3 | 83.0 | 82.7 | 82.3 | 80.8 |
| Midwest | 81.3 | 86.5 | 82.8 | 86.8 | 86.5 | 88.6 | 87.8 | 84.4 |
| West | 76.4 | 80.8 | 82.3 | 76.1 | 82.3 | 85.2 | 78.8 | 80.8 |
| —Not available. | ||||||||
| a Estimates are based on children who have yet to enter kindergarten. | ||||||||
| b From 1993 to 2001, the 1977 U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Standards for Data on Race and Ethnicity were used to classify persons into one of the following four racial groups: White, Black, American Indian or Alaskan Native, or Asian or Pacific Islander. For data from 2005 onward, the revised 1997 OMB standards were used. Under these standards, persons could select one or more of five racial groups: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. For 2005 onward, when separate reporting was possible, respondents who reported that the child was Asian or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander were combined for continuity purposes. Included in the total but not shown separately are American Indian or Alaska Native respondents and respondents of two or more races. Data on race and Hispanic origin are collected separately. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. | ||||||||
| c Refers to adults' relationship to child and does not indicate marital status. | ||||||||
| d Children without mothers in the home are not included in estimates. | ||||||||
| e Regions: Northeast includes CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, and VT. South includes AL, AR, DC, DE, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, and WV. Midwest includes IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MN, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, and WI. West includes AK, AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, and WY. | ||||||||
| NOTE: Prior to 2012, National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) questionnaires were administered via landline telephone by an interviewer, NHES:2012 was a self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaire that was mailed to respondents. Measurable differences in estimates between 2012 and prior years could reflect actual changes in the population, or the changes could be due to the mode change from telephone to mail. Some data have been revised from previous publications. | ||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Surveys Program. | ||||||||