ECON2 Secure parental employment: Percentage of children ages 0–17 living with at least one parent employed year-round, full time by family structure, race and Hispanic origin, poverty status, and age, 2000–2021

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Characteristic 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013b 2014c 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019d 2020e 2021
All children living with parent(s)
Total children living with parent(s) (in thousands) 69,126 69,514 70,075 70,089 70,210 70,292 71,229 71,285 71,256 71,697 71,732 71,210 71,233 71,042 70,729 70,906 70,799 70,607 70,598 69,970 69,791 70,701
Total living with relatives but not with parent(s) (in thousands) 2,212 2,092 2,226 2,380 2,528 2,419 2,017 2,256 2,356 2,389 2,352 2,148 2,126 2,196 2,435 2,286 2,428 2,397 2,307 2,308 2,195 1,938
Total 80.0 78.6 78.2 77.0 78.0 78.3 78.2 77.0 75.0 72.0 71.0 73.0 73.0 74.0 75.0 75.4 77.0 77.9 79.3 80.2 71.7 77.2
Race and Hispanic originf
White, non-Hispanic 85.0 84.0 83.0 82.0 82.0 83.6 83.2 82.0 81.0 79.0 79.0 79.0 80.0 81.0 82.0 80.9 82.2 83.8 85.1 86.0 79.5 84.3
Black, non-Hispanic 66.0 65.0 64.0 61.0 62.0 62.1 63.7 64.0 61.0 58.0 53.0 56.0 57.0 57.0 60.0 62.3 63.7 64.7 66.2 66.3 58.7 63.6
Hispanic 72.0 73.0 73.0 71.0 73.0 73.9 73.7 72.0 68.0 62.0 61.0 65.0 65.0 66.0 69.0 69.3 71.8 72.8 74.1 74.3 61.9 70.1
Poverty status
Below 100% poverty 34.0 32.0 33.0 30.0 33.0 31.9 32.5 32.0 30.0 26.0 24.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 31.0 29.5 28.7 32.6 33.3 30.9 20.2 24.2
100% poverty and above 88.0 87.0 87.0 86.0 87.0 87.7 87.5 87.0 85.0 83.0 83.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 87.0 86.2 87.0 87.1 87.9 88.1 81.3 86.4
Age
Ages 0–5 76.0 75.7 75.0 73.0 74.0 75.3 74.5 73.0 71.0 67.0 66.0 69.0 69.0 70.0 72.0 72.9 74.6 75.7 77.2 78.7 69.8 75.3
Ages 6–17 81.0 80.1 79.0 79.0 79.0 79.8 80.1 79.0 77.0 74.0 73.0 74.0 75.0 76.0 77.0 76.6 77.8 79.0 80.4 80.9 72.6 78.0
Children living in families maintained by two married parentsg
Total 90.0 89.3 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.8 89.1 89.0 86.0 83.0 83.0 86.0 85.0 87.0 88.0 87.6 88.3 88.9 89.7 90.3 83.1 88.3
Race and Hispanic originf
White, non-Hispanic 92.0 91.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.6 90.8 90.0 89.0 87.0 87.0 88.0 89.0 90.0 90.0 89.3 90.3 91.2 91.8 92.5 87.1 91.4
Black, non-Hispanic 90.0 89.0 84.0 85.0 86.0 84.9 86.3 87.0 84.0 82.0 76.0 82.0 81.0 81.0 85.0 86.4 85.1 84.7 87.0 87.5 79.4 82
Hispanic 85.0 84.0 82.0 82.0 84.0 84.7 85.3 84.0 80.0 74.0 73.0 79.0 78.0 80.0 82.0 82.9 84.6 85.4 85.7 84.9 73.9 82.8
Poverty status
Below 100% poverty 58.0 54.0 54.0 52.0 55.0 56.6 57.9 54.0 51.0 44.0 40.0 48.0 46.0 48.0 55.0 51.4 50.0 54.7 54.6 51.7 34.7 41.9
100% poverty and above 93.0 92.0 91.0 91.0 92.0 91.7 91.9 92.0 90.0 88.0 89.0 90.0 90.0 91.0 91.0 91.5 91.8 92.0 92.6 92.9 87.0 91.6
Age
Ages 0–5 89.0 88.1 85.0 86.0 86.0 87.1 87.1 87.0 84.0 80.0 80.0 83.0 84.0 85.0 86.0 86.2 87.0 87.5 88.4 89.8 82.7 87.4
Ages 6–17 91.0 90.0 89.0 88.0 89.0 89.7 90.2 90.0 88.0 85.0 84.0 87.0 86.0 87.0 89.0 88.3 89.0 89.6 90.4 90.5 83.3 88.7
With both parents working year-round
Full time 33.0 32.0 30.0 29.0 30.0 31.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 29.0 28.0 29.0 29.9 31.6 31.9 33.1 33.6 34.3 35.9 37.0 31.7 38.1
Children living in families maintained by single mothersh, i
Total 49.0 48.3 50.0 47.0 47.0 47.8 48.3 47.0 45.0 44.0 41.0 41.0 43.0 42.0 45.0 45.9 48.0 49.4 52.1 51.9 42.6 48.2
Race and Hispanic originf
White, non-Hispanic 53.0 52.0 52.0 52.0 49.0 51.7 50.9 49.0 48.0 47.0 46.0 45.0 46.0 45.0 47.0 48.1 50.3 52.6 54.2 56.0 47.9 54.6
Black, non-Hispanic 49.0 48.0 49.0 44.0 45.0 45.4 46.3 48.0 45.0 42.0 40.0 39.0 41.0 41.0 44.0 46.5 48.5 50.0 51.5 50.1 41.6 47.1
Hispanic 38.0 42.0 45.0 43.0 45.0 44.5 45.9 44.0 40.0 40.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 40.0 42.0 41.1 44.5 45.8 49.4 49.2 37.1 42.5
Poverty status
Below 100% poverty 20.0 19.0 19.0 17.0 19.0 17.2 19.0 20.0 16.0 16.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 16.0 17.0 16.3 17.5 20.2 22.2 19.6 11.4 14.5
100% poverty and above 67.0 67.0 69.0 69.0 67.0 70.3 69.7 68.0 67.0 66.0 65.0 65.0 66.0 65.0 69.0 67.7 70.3 69.6 71.2 70.5 61.8 68.2
Age
Ages 0–5 36.0 38.1 40.0 34.0 34.0 37.0 36.8 36.0 33.0 34.0 31.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 35.0 38.0 40.0 41.0 43.3 42.1 32.6 40.0
Ages 6–17 55.0 52.9 54.0 53.0 52.0 52.6 53.5 53.0 51.0 48.0 47.0 46.0 47.0 47.0 49.0 49.4 51.4 53.0 55.6 55.9 46.7 51.5
Children living in families maintained by single fathersh, i
Total 69.0 68.7 68.0 63.0 68.0 71.0 67.1 66.0 61.0 54.0 55.0 62.0 61.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 65.4 69.0 68.5 72.6 61.6 68.9
Race and Hispanic originf
White, non-Hispanic 74.0 71.0 70.0 66.0 70.0 73.7 69.8 68.0 64.0 59.0 62.0 66.0 65.0 68.0 67.0 66.9 69.5 73.1 76.7 76.2 66.7 72.2
Black, non-Hispanic 52.0 58.0 64.0 54.0 61.0 65.0 63.6 62.0 56.0 48.0 41.0 58.0 51.0 50.0 54.0 59.9 54.6 62.9 54.5 60.9 57.6 70.8
Hispanic 68.0 72.0 70.0 63.0 69.0 66.9 63.7 61.0 56.0 47.0 52.0 60.0 61.0 62.0 60.0 62.3 64.4 66.5 66.0 72.1 55.5 66.1
Poverty status
Below 100% poverty 21.0 29.0 34.0 27.0 26.0 31.9 26.3 28.0 22.0 17.0 18.0 24.0 25.0 28.0 24.0 28.3 24.5 30.4 27.7 34.6 24.9 29.2
100% poverty and above 79.0 78.0 77.0 73.0 78.0 80.0 77.8 76.0 71.0 67.0 69.0 74.0 74.0 74.0 76.0 75.2 75.6 77.5 78.0 79.7 69.5 77.6
Age
Ages 0–5 65.0 67.1 65.0 56.0 62.0 65.8 60.5 61.0 56.0 46.0 50.0 60.0 56.0 56.0 59.0 61.6 64.0 66.5 65.8 72.0 60.5 66.8
Ages 6–17 70.0 69.6 70.0 65.0 71.0 73.2 70.3 69.0 63.0 58.0 58.0 63.0 64.0 66.0 64.0 63.7 66.1 70.2 69.8 72.8 62.1 69.8
a Year-round, full-time employment is defined as usually working 35 hours or more per week for 50–52 weeks.
b The source of the calendar year 2013 data for this table is the portion of the 2014 Current Population Survey (CPS) Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) sample that received income questions consistent with the 2013 CPS ASEC.
c Beginning in 2014, income and poverty data from the ASEC are based on a redesigned questionnaire and differ from the income and poverty data shown in this table for earlier years.
d The data for 2019 were collected during the global pandemic of 2020. While the U.S. Census Bureau went to great lengths to continue to complete interviews by telephone, the response rate for the survey was negatively impacted. The Census Bureau creates weights designed to adjust for nonresponse, but non-respondents in 2020 are less similar to respondents than in earlier years. Of particular interest, respondents in 2020 had relatively higher income and were more educated than non-respondents. For possible effects on these estimates, please see https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/research-matters/2020/09/pandemic-affect-survey-response.html.
e Data reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to contain it.
f For data from 1980 to 2002, the 1977 U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards for data on race and ethnicity were used to classify persons into one of the following four racial groups: White, Black, American Indian or Alaskan Native, or Asian or Pacific Islander. The revised 1997 OMB standards were used for data for 2003 and later years. Persons could select one or more of five racial groups: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Included in the totals but not shown separately are American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and "Two or more races." Beginning in 2003, those in each racial category represent those reporting only one race. Data from 2003 onward are not directly comparable with data from earlier years. For all years, data on race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity are collected separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
g Beginning with data for the March 2019 ASEC, includes both opposite-sex and same-sex married-couple families. Prior to 2019, included opposite-sex married-couple families only.
h Data refer to parents who are never married; divorced; widowed; separated; and married, spouse absent. Includes some families where both parents are present in the household but living as unmarried partners.
i Beginning with data for the March 2019 ASEC, includes families with no spouse of either sex present. Prior to 2019, included only families with no opposite-sex spouse present.
NOTE: Beginning in 2018, the definition of married couples in this report includes both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to 2018, married-couple families included opposite-sex married-couple families only. Therefore, estimates from 2018 onward for married-couple families and families maintained by men or women are not strictly comparable with those from prior years because of the change in the definition of marital status.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplement.

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