Special4: Maternal Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: Prevalence of self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms among women with a recent live birth by maternal race/ethnicity, age, and poverty status, 2021

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Characteristic 2021
Age
Total 13.3
Race and Hispanic origin
White, non-Hispanic 12.2
Black, non-Hispanic 16.4
American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic 13.2
Asian, non-Hispanic 19.1
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic 24.2
Other, non-Hispanic 18.1
Two or more races 18.1
Hispanic 11.9
Poverty statusa
Below 100% poverty 18.3
100%–199% poverty 14.1
200%–399% poverty 13.0
400% poverty and above 7.9
Age
< =19 years 20.4
20–24 years 16.9
24–34 years 12.8
35+ years 10.1
a Estimates are based on a definition of poverty level that incorporates information on family income, size, and composition and is calculated as a percentage of the U.S. Census Bureau's poverty thresholds.
NOTE: Self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms are ascertained by categorizing five responses ("always," "often," "sometimes," "rarely," and "never") from the following two questions adapted from the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-2 screening instrument : 1) "Since your new baby was born, how often have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless?" and 2) "Since your new baby was born, how often have you had little interest or little pleasure in doing things?" Women responding "always" or "often" to either question are classified as experiencing postpartum depressive symptoms. Women classified as not having symptoms must answer "sometimes", "rarely", or "never" to both questions
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS); Ohio Department of Health, Ohio Pregnancy Assessment Survey (OPAS); California Department of Public Health, Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA)

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